docs: add language spec, domain glossary, and fixture update

.claude/CONTEXT.md

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+# KitchenMD — Domain Glossary
+
+A living glossary of canonical terms for this project.
+Implementation details belong in specs or code, not here.
+
+---
+
+## Annotation
+
+An inline sigil-based marker embedded in recipe prose that carries structured data.
+There are exactly three annotation types: **Ingredient**, **Cookware**, and **Timer**.
+An annotation is valid Markdown plain text — it does not break rendering in Obsidian or any standard Markdown renderer.
+Annotations follow CommonMark's inline processing rules: parsed wherever CommonMark processes inline content (paragraphs, headings, list items, blockquotes); ignored wherever CommonMark treats content as literal (code spans, code blocks, HTML comments, raw HTML blocks).
+
+## Ingredient Annotation
+
+Syntax: `@name{quantity}` or `@name{quantity unit}`
+
+The `{` character terminates the name, so multi-word names work without escaping.
+The `{}` wrapper is mandatory — bare `@name` without braces is not valid.
+Quantity is optional; `@black pepper{}` is valid with no quantity.
+Valid quantity formats: integer (`2`), decimal (`0.5`), simple fraction (`1/2`), mixed number (`1 1/2`).
+Unit is optional and free-form — the format places no constraints on what unit string is written.
+When both quantity and unit are present, they are delimited by the last space inside the braces — so `@butter{1 1/2 tbsp}` parses as quantity `1 1/2`, unit `tbsp`.
+Valid name characters: any character except `{`, `}`, `@`, `$`, `~`.
+
+## Cookware Annotation
+
+Syntax: `$name{}`, `$name{quantity}`, or `$name{quantity unit}`
+
+Same `{`-terminated name rule as Ingredient.
+The `{}` wrapper is mandatory.
+Quantity is optional; `$pan{}` is valid with no quantity.
+Quantity and unit follow the same rules as Ingredient: valid formats are integer, decimal, simple fraction, mixed number; unit is free-form; delimited by the last space inside the braces.
+Valid name characters: any character except `{`, `}`, `@`, `$`, `~`.
+
+## Timer Annotation
+
+Syntax: `~N unit` or `~N-N unit`
+
+No braces.
+The `~` sigil is followed immediately by a number or `N–N` range, a space, then a time unit word from the known set.
+N follows the same format rules as ingredient/cookware quantity: integer, decimal, simple fraction, or mixed number.
+Supports natural range syntax: `~10-15 mins`.
+In range form, the `-` separator follows the first quantity expression — since negative quantities don't exist, the `-` is unambiguous. `~1/2-1 hr` parses as a range of 1/2 hr to 1 hr.
+The annotation terminates after the unit word — trailing prose is ignored. `~1 min more` parses as a timer of 1 min; "more" is plain text.
+Known unit set (aliases → canonical abbreviation): `sec`, `secs`, `second`, `seconds` → `s`; `min`, `mins`, `minute`, `minutes` → `min`; `hr`, `hrs`, `hour`, `hours` → `hr`.
+
+## Recipe File
+
+A valid `.md` file that may contain any combination of Obsidian Flavored Markdown, YAML frontmatter, and Annotations.
+The file renders correctly in Obsidian without a plugin.
+A Recipe File contains prose instructions only — there is no separate ingredients list section.
+Ingredients are derived entirely by the Parser from inline Ingredient Annotations.
+
+## Step
+
+The atomic unit of a recipe instruction.
+A step is a single non-empty line in a prose context, or a single ordered list item.
+Headings are not steps.
+Step numbers are section-local — they reset at each heading and do not change when steps are added to other sections.
+
+## Combined Recipe
+
+A Recipe File whose purpose is to sequence steps from two or more other Recipe Files.
+It contains no steps or ingredients of its own — only Step References in the order they should be executed.
+
+## Step Reference
+
+A KitchenMD extension of Obsidian transclusion syntax for embedding a specific step from another Recipe File.
+
+Syntax:
+- `![[filename#section-heading:N]]` — step N within a named section.
+- `![[filename#N]]` — step N in a headingless recipe (bare number, no section prefix).
+
+- `filename` — the Recipe File to reference (no `.md` extension, matching Obsidian wikilink convention).
+- `section-heading` — the heading text of the section containing the step.
+- `N` — the 1-based step number within that section or file.
+
+Examples:
+- `![[italian meatballs#rolling:2]]` — second step of the "rolling" section.
+- `![[basic brine#2]]` — second step of a headingless recipe.
+
+This syntax is a compatibility break with vanilla Obsidian: `#section:N` does not match any Obsidian heading anchor, so Step References will not render correctly without KitchenMD tooling.
+
+## Frontmatter
+
+YAML metadata block at the top of a Recipe File (standard `---` delimiters).
+The parser passes frontmatter through as-is with no schema enforcement.
+Consumers are responsible for reading whatever fields they need.
+
+## Sigil
+
+The single punctuation character that opens each annotation type:
+- `@` — Ingredient
+- `$` — Cookware
+- `~` — Timer
+
+## Parser
+
+The TypeScript library (`@kitchen-md/core`) that accepts a Recipe File string and returns a structured data object.
+It is a pure function of its input string — no filesystem access.
+
+## Structured Output
+
+The data object returned by the Parser for a given Recipe File.
+Shape is not yet fully specified — see open questions below.
+
+---
+
+## Open / Unresolved
+
+- **Structured Output shape** — exact fields, types, and nesting of the parse result.
+- **Unit normalisation** — the parser should normalise known aliases to a canonical abbreviation (`grams` → `g`, `kilograms` → `kg`); exact alias table and canonical forms are TBD. This is a parser concern, not a format constraint.