alexion
f1d6df7d51
Add a NixOS VM integration test to the flake's checks, so nix flake check boots the network foundation and one guest on a virtual L2 segment and asserts the three behaviors a VM can honestly reproduce: the guest presents its own MAC distinct from the host's, gets its own IP on a tagged VLAN across the segment, and writes to a bind mount owned by the shared storage group. A tagged router node serving DHCP only on VLAN 10 makes the address and reverse ping prove 802.1Q tagging end to end, not plain reachability. Booting a networked guest surfaced a latent defect: the guest's own networkd default-enables systemd-resolved, which conflicts with the nested-container default of inheriting the host's resolv.conf, failing the guest toplevel build. Fix it in the guest networking realization so a networked guest keeps its own resolver.
407 lines
15 KiB
Nix
407 lines
15 KiB
Nix
{
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lib,
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inputs,
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self,
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}:
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let
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inherit (lib)
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attrNames
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filterAttrs
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genAttrs
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flatten
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hasSuffix
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mapAttrsToList
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;
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# Recursively collect every `.nix` file under `dir` as a flat list, for a
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# module's `imports`.
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collectNixFiles =
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dir:
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flatten (
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mapAttrsToList (
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name: type:
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let
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path = dir + "/${name}";
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in
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if type == "directory" then
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collectNixFiles path
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else if type == "regular" && hasSuffix ".nix" name then
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[ path ]
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else
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[ ]
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) (builtins.readDir dir)
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);
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# The special arguments every configuration is evaluated with, host and guest
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# interior alike.
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specialArgs = {
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inherit inputs;
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my = self.lib;
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};
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# The name of a tagged VLAN's bridge, kept here as the one definition of a
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# convention shared across the flake.
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bridgeName = id: "br-vlan${toString id}";
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# A guest with no operator-set MAC derives a stable one from its namespace path.
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# The first octet 02 marks the address locally-administered and unicast.
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# The rest is a slice of the path's hash.
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# The same guest therefore always lands on the same address, which the operator can reserve at the router.
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deriveMac =
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name:
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let
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hash = builtins.hashString "sha256" name;
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octet = i: builtins.substring (i * 2) 2 hash;
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in
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lib.concatStringsSep ":" ([ "02" ] ++ map octet [ 0 1 2 3 4 ]);
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# Build one host: every module and every guest is imported unconditionally
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# (inert until its `enable` flag is set), alongside chaotic, the host base,
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# and the host's own directory.
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mkHost =
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{
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hostName,
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system ? "x86_64-linux",
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}:
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inputs.nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
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inherit system specialArgs;
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modules =
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(collectNixFiles (self + "/modules"))
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++ (collectNixFiles (self + "/guests"))
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++ [
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inputs.chaotic.nixosModules.default
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inputs.disko.nixosModules.disko
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inputs.sops-nix.nixosModules.sops
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inputs.stylix.nixosModules.stylix
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(self + "/system.nix")
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(self + "/hosts/${hostName}")
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{ networking.hostName = hostName; }
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];
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};
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# Build a guest: a module-shaped definition whose body realizes its interior
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# as a nested container standing on the guest-base, keyed by its namespace path.
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# `name` is the dotted namespace under `guests.` and `interior` is an extra
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# module merged into the container alongside the guest-base.
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guest =
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{
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name,
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interior ? { },
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}:
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{ config, lib, ... }:
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let
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optionPath = [ "guests" ] ++ lib.splitString "." name;
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cfg = lib.getAttrFromPath optionPath config;
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machineName = lib.replaceStrings [ "." ] [ "-" ] name;
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networked = cfg.vlan != null;
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# Host paths the operator maps into the guest, keyed by their in-guest path.
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userMounts = lib.mapAttrs (_guestPath: m: {
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inherit (m) hostPath;
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isReadOnly = m.readOnly;
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}) cfg.mounts;
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# Each named secret bind-mounted read-only at the same `/run/secrets/<name>`
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# path it holds on the host.
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# No ownership is set here, since the container's one-to-one identity map
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# carries the host file's owner through unchanged.
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secretMounts = lib.listToAttrs (
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map (
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name:
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let
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path = config.sops.secrets.${name}.path;
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in
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lib.nameValuePair path {
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hostPath = path;
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isReadOnly = true;
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}
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) cfg.secrets
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);
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# An in-guest path claimed by both a mount and a secret, which the merge
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# below would otherwise resolve silently in the secret's favour.
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mountCollisions = lib.attrNames (builtins.intersectAttrs userMounts secretMounts);
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# The resource caps the operator places on the guest's unit, dropping any
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# left unset so systemd keeps its uncapped default for those.
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limitConfig = lib.filterAttrs (_: v: v != null) {
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MemoryMax = cfg.limits.memory;
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CPUQuota = cfg.limits.cpu;
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TasksMax = cfg.limits.tasksMax;
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};
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# A networked guest owns its bridged interface through its own networkd, the only stable MAC pin for a nested container.
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# The interface is eth0, the name a nested container gives its bridged veth.
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# It takes the placement MAC, and the static address or DHCP when that is unset.
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guestNet =
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{ lib, ... }:
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{
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config = lib.mkIf networked {
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networking.useNetworkd = true;
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# networkd default-enables resolved, which owns the guest's resolv.conf.
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# The nested-container default of inheriting the host's file conflicts with that, so the guest keeps its own.
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networking.useHostResolvConf = false;
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systemd.network.networks."20-eth0" = {
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matchConfig.Name = "eth0";
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linkConfig.MACAddress = cfg.mac;
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networkConfig = lib.mkIf (cfg.address == null) { DHCP = "yes"; };
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address = lib.mkIf (cfg.address != null) [ cfg.address ];
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};
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};
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};
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in
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{
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options = lib.setAttrByPath optionPath {
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enable = lib.mkEnableOption "the ${name} guest, run in its own nested container";
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backend = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.enum [
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"container"
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"microvm"
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];
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default = "container";
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description = ''
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How the guest is realized. `container` runs the guest as a
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systemd-nspawn nested container. `microvm` is reserved for a future
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hard-isolation backend and is not built yet.
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'';
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};
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vlan = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.nullOr (lib.types.ints.between 1 4094);
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default = null;
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example = 10;
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description = ''
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The tagged VLAN this guest lives on. The guest attaches to its host's
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`br-vlan<id>` bridge for that VLAN. Left null, the guest keeps a
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private network with no bridge attachment. The id must be one of the
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host's `modules.network.vlans`.
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'';
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};
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mac = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.str;
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default = deriveMac name;
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defaultText = lib.literalMD "a stable address derived from the guest's namespace path";
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example = "bc:24:11:00:00:01";
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description = ''
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The guest's MAC address on its VLAN, pinned inside the guest by its
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own networkd. Set it to reuse an existing address so a router's DHCP
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reservation keeps working. Left unset, a stable address is derived
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from the guest's namespace path in the locally-administered range.
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'';
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};
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address = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.nullOr lib.types.str;
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default = null;
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example = "10.0.10.5/24";
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description = ''
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The guest's static address, in CIDR form, on its VLAN. Left null, the
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guest takes its address by DHCP, keeping IP management at the router.
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'';
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};
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mounts = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.attrsOf (
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lib.types.submodule {
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options = {
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hostPath = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.str;
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example = "/srv/media";
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description = "The path on the host bind-mounted into the guest.";
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};
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readOnly = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.bool;
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default = false;
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description = ''
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Mount the path read-only. Read-write by default, since a
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service must write to the pool data it owns.
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'';
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};
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};
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}
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);
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default = { };
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example = lib.literalExpression ''
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{
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"/data/media" = { hostPath = "/srv/media"; };
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"/data/config" = {
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hostPath = "/srv/config/jellyfin";
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readOnly = true;
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};
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}
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'';
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description = ''
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Host paths bind-mounted into the guest, keyed by the path they appear
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at inside the guest, so a guest sees exactly the data it should at any
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granularity — a single folder or a whole pool. Each mount is
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read-write unless `readOnly` is set.
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'';
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};
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secrets = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.listOf lib.types.str;
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default = [ ];
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example = [ "jellyfin-api-key" ];
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description = ''
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Names of the secrets this guest needs. The host is the sole
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decryptor: it decrypts each named secret from its own sops files and
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bind-mounts the plaintext file into the guest read-only at
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`/run/secrets/<name>`, the same path it would occupy on a host, so a
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service reads its credentials at a predictable location. The guest
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names the files it wants and receives exactly those. It holds no age
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key and decrypts nothing itself. Ownership carries across unchanged,
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since the container maps ids one to one, so a secret owned by a uid on
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the host is owned by that same uid inside the guest.
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'';
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};
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limits = {
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memory = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.nullOr lib.types.str;
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default = null;
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example = "2G";
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description = ''
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Cap on the guest's memory, applied to its unit as `MemoryMax`.
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Accepts systemd size suffixes such as `512M` or `2G`. Left null,
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the guest's memory is uncapped.
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'';
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};
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cpu = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.nullOr lib.types.str;
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default = null;
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example = "150%";
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description = ''
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Cap on the guest's CPU, applied to its unit as `CPUQuota`, where
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`100%` is one full core. Left null, the guest's CPU is uncapped.
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'';
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};
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tasksMax = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.nullOr lib.types.ints.positive;
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default = null;
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example = 512;
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description = ''
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Cap on the number of processes and threads the guest may spawn,
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applied to its unit as `TasksMax`. Left null, the task count is
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uncapped.
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'';
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};
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};
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nesting = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.bool;
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default = false;
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description = ''
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Grant the guest's interior the prerequisites to run Podman or other
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OCI containers of its own. Off by default, so a guest cannot nest
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containers. On, the guest's container gains the network-administration
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capability its container runtime uses to build bridges and firewall
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rules, along with the tun and fuse device nodes such a runtime reaches
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for, so the interior's `virtualisation.oci-containers` works with
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Podman as its default runtime.
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'';
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};
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autoStart = lib.mkOption {
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type = lib.types.bool;
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default = true;
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description = ''
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Start the guest at boot. On by default. Disabled, the guest stays
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defined and can be started on demand, but does not come up at boot.
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'';
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};
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};
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config = lib.mkIf cfg.enable {
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# Declared here so the host is the one that decrypts each named secret.
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# The guest carries no age key and decrypts nothing of its own.
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sops.secrets = lib.genAttrs cfg.secrets (_: { });
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assertions = [
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{
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assertion = mountCollisions == [ ];
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message = ''
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guests.${name} maps a mount at ${lib.concatStringsSep ", " mountCollisions}, colliding with a secret bind-mounted at the same path. Rename the mount or the secret so each in-guest path is used once.
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'';
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}
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{
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assertion = cfg.backend == "container";
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message = ''
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guests.${name}.backend = "${cfg.backend}" is not implemented. Only the "container" backend is built; "microvm" is reserved for future work.
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'';
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}
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{
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assertion = !networked || lib.elem cfg.vlan config.modules.network.vlans;
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message = ''
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guests.${name}.vlan = ${toString cfg.vlan} is not among its host's modules.network.vlans (${lib.concatMapStringsSep ", " toString config.modules.network.vlans}). Declare the VLAN on the host or correct the guest's placement.
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'';
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}
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];
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# The operator's resource caps land on the guest's own unit.
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systemd.services."container@${machineName}".serviceConfig =
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lib.mkIf (cfg.backend == "container") limitConfig;
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containers.${machineName} = lib.mkIf (cfg.backend == "container") {
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autoStart = cfg.autoStart;
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# The guest gets its own network namespace, so its services — its own
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# sshd included — never contend with the host's.
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privateNetwork = lib.mkDefault true;
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# A networked guest's veth is enslaved to the VLAN's bridge, making it
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# a first-class L2 citizen on that segment.
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hostBridge = lib.mkIf networked (bridgeName cfg.vlan);
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# The container shares the host's uid and gid space one to one.
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# A guest process writing as the shared storage group then lands on a bind-mounted pool as that same group, with no permission juggling.
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# A private-user mapping would shift the ids and reintroduce those errors, so it stays off.
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privateUsers = lib.mkDefault "no";
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# A nesting guest runs Podman or other OCI containers in its interior.
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# The network-administration capability lets that runtime build its
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# bridges and firewall rules.
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# The tun and fuse device nodes are what it reaches for to network
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# those containers and back their overlay storage.
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# The remaining prerequisite, a delegated cgroup subtree for the
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# runtime to manage, the container backend already grants every guest.
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additionalCapabilities = lib.optionals cfg.nesting [ "CAP_NET_ADMIN" ];
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allowedDevices = lib.optionals cfg.nesting [
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{
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node = "/dev/net/tun";
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modifier = "rwm";
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}
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{
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node = "/dev/fuse";
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modifier = "rwm";
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}
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];
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bindMounts = userMounts // secretMounts;
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inherit specialArgs;
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config = {
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imports = [
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(self + "/guest.nix")
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guestNet
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interior
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];
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};
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};
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};
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};
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# Discover every host (a subdirectory of `hostsDir`) and build each one.
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mkHosts =
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hostsDir:
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let
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hostNames = attrNames (filterAttrs (_name: type: type == "directory") (builtins.readDir hostsDir));
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in
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genAttrs hostNames (hostName: mkHost { inherit hostName; });
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in
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{
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inherit
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collectNixFiles
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mkHost
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mkHosts
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guest
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bridgeName
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;
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}
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